Drug name | Opdivo®
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INN | Nivolumab |
API type | Nivolumab is produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells by recombinant DNA technology
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Pharmacotherapeutic group
| Antineoplastic agents, monoclonal antibodies
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ATC code
| L01XC17 |
Target of antibody
| PD-1; Synonyms: CD279, PD1, SLEB2, hPD-1, hPD-l, Ly101, Pdc1
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General function | Nivolumab, is a monoclonal antibody, a type of protein that has been designed to attach to a receptor (target) called PD-1 found on cells of the immune system called T cells. Cancer cells can produce proteins (PD-L1 and PD-L2) that attach to this receptor and switch off the activity of the T cells, preventing them from attacking the cancer. By attaching to the receptor, nivolumab prevents PD-L1 and PD-L2 from switching off the T cells, thereby increasing the ability of the immune system to kill cancer cells. |
Short description | |
Pharmacodynamic properties
(Mechanism of action; Source EMA document)
| Nivolumab is a human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody (HuMAb), which binds to the programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor and blocks its interaction with PD-L1 and PD-L2. The PD-1 receptor is a negative regulator of T-cell activity that has been shown to be involved in the control of T-cell immune responses. Engagement of PD-1 with the ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2, which are expressed in antigen-presenting cells and may be expressed by tumours or other cells in the tumour microenvironment, results in inhibition of T-cell proliferation and cytokine secretion. Nivolumab potentiates T-cell responses, including anti-tumour responses, through blockade of PD-1 binding to PD-L1 and PD-L2 ligands. In syngeneic mouse models, blocking PD-1 activity resulted in decreased tumour growth.
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Pharmacodynamic properties (Pharmacodynamic effects; Source EMA document) | Nivolumab is an antineoplastic agent.
Combined nivolumab (anti-PD-1) and ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) mediated inhibition results in improved anti-tumor responses in metastatic melanoma. In murine syngeneic tumor models, dual blockade of PD-1 and CTLA-4 resulted in synergistic anti-tumor activity. |
Original license holder
| Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
USA
|
Marketing authorisation numbers
| EU/1/15/1014/001 - 003
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Marketing authorisation holder
| Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma EEIG
Plaza 254
Blanchardstown Corporate Park 2
Dublin 15, D15 T867
Ireland |
Name of the manufacturer of the biological active substance
| Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
6000 Thompson Road
East Syracuse, New York 13057
USA
Swords Laboratories t/a Bristol-Myers Squibb Cruiserath Biologics
Cruiserath Road, Mulhuddart
Dublin 15, D15 H6EF
Ireland |
Name and address of the manufacturer(s) responsible for batch release | Swords Laboratories t/a Bristol-Myers Squibb Cruiserath Biologics
Cruiserath Road, Mulhuddart
Dublin 15, D15 H6EF
Ireland
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Max shelf life
| 36 months
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Storage conditions
| 2°C – 8°C
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List of excipients
| Sodium citrate dihydrate
Sodium chloride
Mannitol (E421)
Pentetic acid (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid)
Polysorbate 80 (E433)
Sodium hydroxide (for pH adjustment)
Hydrochloric acid (for pH adjustment)
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